法国红酒概念

基本概念:
Appelation: 名称,称号
Origine: 产地
AC, AOC: Appellation (d’Origine) contrôlée大意为原产地受控称号
Cru: 多见于Bordeaux酒,顶级质量
Climat: 分级的Burgund葡萄田
Chateau: 城堡
Mise en bouteille au Chàteau: 在特定城堡范围内收割、制造并装瓶的酒
Assemblage: 混合同一产地几种葡萄酿制的酒
Sec: 干
demi-sec: 半干
doux: 甜
产地:大区域+大区内的小分区。粗体的我喝过,且认为值得推荐,
勃艮第Burgund (Bourgone) including Côte d’Or, Maconnais, Beaujolais
罗纳Côtes du Rhone including Septentrionales, Meridionales, Vaucluses
Côtes de Provence including Bouches du Thone, Provence, Var
朗格多克-鲁西荣Languedoc Rousillon including Gard, Hérauld, Aude, Pyrenées Orientales
波尔多Bordeaux including Medoc, Haut Medoc, Graves, Blayais, Bourgais, Pomerol, St.-Emillion etc.

葡萄种类:粗体的是最常见的种类。不过法国酒通常是混合酒,所以标签上不会有葡萄种类的名字。
赤霞珠Cabernet-Sauvigonon
美乐Merlot

黑比诺Pinot Noir
Cabernet-Franc
Gamay; Grenache 
Syrah

葡萄酒等级(从低到高):
Vin der Table
Vin de Pays
Appellation d’Origine Controllée AC/AOC
推荐至少要买写着Appellation的法国酒。如果不想蒙人,最好避免像波尔多Bordeaux这种产地——或者价格便宜无法下咽(比如各种一位数欧
元的Appellation Bordeaux
Controllée),或者价格昂贵到你自己想去酒庄打工(Latour之类的地方…)。原则上Appellation这一行越长越细致越好。如果
只是标着产区名称比如波尔多、勃艮第,通常质量都很值得怀疑(但回国送人不错)。如果标着比较细致的产地如Medoc或者St.-
Emillion,那么应该会是不错的酒。如果写着村落或者城堡的名字(通常都是没有见过的),那么唯一需要担心的就是钱包。如果在
Appellation后面跟着复杂如Chateauneuf - du -
Pape的字样,那么恭喜你,你一定眼花了——这种酒,就连酒瓶也不是我等能有机会看到的。
还有一种写法是在Appellation下面一行写上具体的级别。根据省份不同略有差异。但凡是写了xxx Cru字样的,一定是顶级酒。
波尔多Medoc或者Haut Medoc通常含有大量单宁酸,不是很适合国人口味。个人推荐波尔多(Bordeaux)的St.-
Emillion和勃艮第(Burgund)的Beaujolais,大约会比较温和些。不过我要说,这酒我肯定暂时还买不起。但如果有机会蹭到这种酒,
不妨一试。
唯一需要避免的字样是Grand Vin de (Bordeaux),即高级(波尔多)酒,这玩艺儿通常是骗人的。

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